Western classical music.

 Western classical music is a long tradition of art music that developed mainly in Europe over the last thousand years. It is different from folk or popular music because it follows written systems of notation, structured forms, and often emphasizes complex harmonies and techniques.

Here are the main points:

1. Historical Periods

Western classical music is usually divided into several eras:

Medieval (500–1400) – Early church music like Gregorian chant.

Renaissance (1400–1600) – Rich vocal polyphony, choral works.

Baroque (1600–1750) – Composers like Bach, Handel, Vivaldi; ornate and dramatic music.

Classical (1750–1820) – Mozart, Haydn, Beethoven (early works); balance, clarity, and form.

Romantic (1820–1900) – Emotional, expressive, powerful music (Beethoven later works, Chopin, Wagner, Tchaikovsky).

20th & 21st Century – Diverse styles: modernism, minimalism, experimental, film music, etc.

2. Main Features

Based on harmony, melody, rhythm, counterpoint.

Uses written notation (sheet music).

Performed by orchestras, choirs, chamber groups, soloists.

Often connected with religion, courts, and later public concerts.

3. Forms & Styles

Symphony, concerto, opera, sonata, fugue, choral works, chamber music.

Instruments: strings, woodwinds, brass, percussion, keyboard.

4. Purpose

Originally linked with the church and royalty, it later became music for concert halls and cultural expression. Today, it’s a foundation for much of Western music, influencing film scores, jazz, and even popular genres.

👉 In short: Western classical music is Europe’s tradition of serious art music, evolving from church chants to modern orchestral and experimental works.